{"id":14310,"date":"2025-08-27T14:18:09","date_gmt":"2025-08-27T14:18:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/?p=14310"},"modified":"2026-01-24T20:47:54","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T20:47:54","slug":"prime-zahranicni-investice-a-exportni-strategie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/prime-zahranicni-investice-a-exportni-strategie\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice a exportn\u00ed strategie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Chcete kartu pro v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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\r\n \r\n \r\n \u010cesk\u00e1 spo\u0159itelna Kreditn\u00ed karta circle-ctrl-right<\/title><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\r\n <\/a>\r\n\r\n

\r\n Voc\u00ea continuar\u00e1 no mesmo site <\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice (PZI) a exportn\u00ed strategie pat\u0159\u00ed mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 faktory hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho rozvoje v globalizovan\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. V \u00e9\u0159e otev\u0159en\u00fdch trh\u016f, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho obchodu a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 prov\u00e1zanosti ekonomik hraj\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice i export z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fstu, zam\u011bstnanosti a technologick\u00e9ho pokroku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika, podobn\u011b jako mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, pro\u0161la po roce 1989 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed transformac\u00ed, kdy otev\u0159en\u00ed ekonomiky a p\u0159\u00edliv p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edch investic znamenal z\u00e1sadn\u00ed impuls pro modernizaci pr\u016fmyslu a r\u016fst exportu. D\u00edky p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 geografick\u00e9 poloze, kvalifikovan\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edle a \u010dlenstv\u00ed v Evropsk\u00e9 unii se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika stala atraktivn\u00ed destinac\u00ed pro investory a sou\u010dasn\u011b exportn\u011b orientovanou ekonomikou.<\/p>\n\n\n

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<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
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\n \"\u010cesk\u00e1\n \n
\n Karta<\/span>\n \n

\n \u010cesk\u00e1 spo\u0159itelna Kreditn\u00ed karta <\/h2>\n \n
\n \n Bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 rezerva na cesty <\/span>\n \n Bez \u00faroku a\u017e 55 dn\u00ed <\/span>\n \n Odm\u011bna za platby kartou <\/span>\n <\/div>\n \n \n Spo\u010d\u00edtejte si, jak m\u016f\u017eete m\u00edt kreditku zdarma a\u017e na 55 dn\u00ed <\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n
\n \n Zjistit v\u00edce <\/a>\n Voc\u00ea permanecer\u00e1 no mesmo site <\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
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Definice p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edch investic<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice (PZI)<\/strong> jsou investice, p\u0159i nich\u017e zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investor z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 dlouhodob\u00fd pod\u00edl v podniku p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edm v jin\u00e9 zemi a m\u00e1 schopnost tento podnik ovliv\u0148ovat. Rozli\u0161ujeme je od portfoliov\u00fdch investic, kde jde sp\u00ed\u0161e o n\u00e1kup cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f bez mo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed firmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typy PZI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Greenfield investice<\/strong> \u2013 investor zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 zcela nov\u00fd podnik, stav\u00ed novou tov\u00e1rnu nebo pobo\u010dku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Brownfield investice<\/strong> \u2013 investor kupuje ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed podnik a d\u00e1le jej rozv\u00edj\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Joint ventures<\/strong> \u2013 spole\u010dn\u00e9 podniky mezi dom\u00e1c\u00edm a zahrani\u010dn\u00edm partnerem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. F\u00faze a akvizice<\/strong> \u2013 p\u0159evzet\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed firmy zahrani\u010dn\u00edm investorem.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
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    V\u00fdznam PZI pro ekonomiku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed hostitelsk\u00e9 ekonomice celou \u0159adu p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Kapitalov\u00fd vstup<\/strong> \u2013 p\u0159\u00edsun finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed r\u016fst.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Technologick\u00fd transfer<\/strong> \u2013 p\u0159enos modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed a know-how.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Zam\u011bstnanost<\/strong> \u2013 vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, \u010dasto s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159idanou hodnotou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Exportn\u00ed kapacity<\/strong> \u2013 investo\u0159i \u010dasto orientuj\u00ed v\u00fdrobu na export.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Integrace do glob\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnotov\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f<\/strong> \u2013 dom\u00e1c\u00ed firmy se zapojuj\u00ed do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch dodavatelsk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Na druhou stranu, PZI mohou m\u00edt i negativa \u2013 z\u00e1vislost na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch firm\u00e1ch, odliv zisk\u016f do zahrani\u010d\u00ed \u010di tlak na ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed da\u0148ovou politiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n\n

      Exportn\u00ed strategie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Exportn\u00ed strategie<\/strong> je soubor politik, opat\u0159en\u00ed a n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00fdmi st\u00e1t podporuje v\u00fdvoz zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eeb do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Pro otev\u0159en\u00e9 ekonomiky, jako je \u010cesk\u00e1 republika, je export z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zdrojem r\u016fstu a zam\u011bstnanosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00edle exportn\u00ed strategie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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      • Diverzifikace exportn\u00edch trh\u016f (nespol\u00e9hat jen na EU).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Podpora mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch podnik\u016f p\u0159i vstupu na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pod\u00edlu v\u00fdrobk\u016f s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159idanou hodnotou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Budov\u00e1n\u00ed pozitivn\u00edho obrazu zem\u011b (tzv. \u201eeconomic diplomacy\u201c).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        N\u00e1stroje exportn\u00ed strategie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • Exportn\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 podpora formou zv\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00fdch \u00fav\u011br\u016f a poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Obchodn\u00ed diplomacie<\/strong> \u2013 ambas\u00e1dy a ekonomick\u00e9 sekce pom\u00e1haj\u00ed firm\u00e1m na trz\u00edch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Informa\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby<\/strong> \u2013 datab\u00e1ze zahrani\u010dn\u00edch trh\u016f, veletrhy, mise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Instituce<\/strong> \u2013 v \u010cR zejm\u00e9na CzechTrade, EGAP a \u010cesk\u00e1 exportn\u00ed banka.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n

          Historick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj PZI a exportu v \u010cR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          90. l\u00e9ta \u2013 transformace ekonomiky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Otev\u0159en\u00ed trhu p\u0159ineslo masivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edliv zahrani\u010dn\u00edch investic, zejm\u00e9na do automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu (\u0160koda Auto, TPCA, Hyundai). Export se stal kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm motorem r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2000\u20132004 \u2013 p\u0159\u00edprava na vstup do EU<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          PZI sm\u011b\u0159ovaly do modernizace v\u00fdroby, export se orientoval zejm\u00e9na na trhy EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2004\u20132010 \u2013 \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          \u010cR se stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jednotn\u00e9ho trhu, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ilo obchodn\u00ed toky. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm exportn\u00edm artiklem se stal automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2010\u20132019 \u2013 obdob\u00ed stability a r\u016fstu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          PZI se zam\u011b\u0159ovaly na centra slu\u017eeb a technologie, export rostl i mimo EU (Rusko, \u010c\u00edna).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2020\u20132023 \u2013 pandemie a geopolitick\u00e9 krize<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          COVID-19 naru\u0161il dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce, v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila tlak na diverzifikaci exportu a investic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n\n\n\n

          Struktura \u010desk\u00e9ho exportu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          \u010cesk\u00e1 republika je vysoce otev\u0159en\u00e1 ekonomika \u2013 export tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 % HDP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Hlavn\u00ed exportn\u00ed trhy<\/strong>: N\u011bmecko (v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 % exportu), Slovensko, Polsko, Francie, Rakousko.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Hlavn\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed<\/strong>: automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed, elektrotechnika, chemie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Slabiny<\/strong>: n\u00edzk\u00fd pod\u00edl slu\u017eeb a inovativn\u00edch technologi\u00ed, vysok\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na EU.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n

            P\u0159\u00ednosy a rizika PZI v \u010cR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            P\u0159\u00ednosy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Rozvoj automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu \u2013 st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed pro export.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Vznik tis\u00edc\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Transfer know-how a mana\u017eersk\u00fdch dovednost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Rizika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • Vysok\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch firm\u00e1ch (v\u011bt\u0161ina pr\u016fmyslu v zahrani\u010dn\u00edch rukou).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Odliv dividend \u2013 ro\u010dn\u011b des\u00edtky miliard korun do zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Riziko p\u0159esunu v\u00fdroby do jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1klady.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n\n

                V\u00fdznam exportn\u00ed strategie pro \u010cR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                Exportn\u00ed strategie je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1, proto\u017ee bez aktivn\u00ed podpory by mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed podniky obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b pronikaly na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika mus\u00ed \u010delit v\u00fdzv\u00e1m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Geografick\u00e1 koncentrace exportu<\/strong> \u2013 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na N\u011bmecku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • N\u00edzk\u00e1 diverzifikace odv\u011btv\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 dominuj\u00ed automobily.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Nedostatek inovac\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 m\u00e1lo v\u00fdrobk\u016f s vysokou p\u0159idanou hodnotou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \n\n\n\n

                  Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • Polsko<\/strong> \u2013 siln\u00e1 orientace na export potravin a stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed diverzifikace.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Ma\u010farsko<\/strong> \u2013 podobn\u00e1 struktura jako \u010cR, velk\u00fd pod\u00edl automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • N\u011bmecko<\/strong> \u2013 exportn\u00ed velmoc s vysok\u00fdm pod\u00edlem high-tech v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u010c\u00edna<\/strong> \u2013 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00eddr v exportu, strategick\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed politika na podporu firem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    \n\n\n\n

                    Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzvy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    1. Digitalizace a Pr\u016fmysl 4.0<\/strong> \u2013 nutnost investovat do modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    2. Zelen\u00e1 transformace<\/strong> \u2013 tlak na n\u00edzkoemisn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu a export \u010dist\u00fdch technologi\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    3. Geopolitick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 nutnost diverzifikovat export mimo EU (Asie, Afrika).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    4. Kvalifikovan\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla<\/strong> \u2013 nedostatek odborn\u00edk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee odradit investory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    5. Podpora dom\u00e1c\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu<\/strong> \u2013 snaha o vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl \u010desk\u00fdch firem v exportu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                      \n\n\n\n

                      Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                      P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice a exportn\u00ed strategie jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi pil\u00ed\u0159i \u010desk\u00e9 ekonomiky. PZI umo\u017enily transformaci \u010desk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a integraci do glob\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnotov\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, zat\u00edmco export zaji\u0161\u0165uje v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny HDP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Budoucnost ukazuje, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika mus\u00ed v\u00edce diverzifikovat sv\u00e9 exportn\u00ed trhy, podporovat dom\u00e1c\u00ed inovace a p\u0159itahovat investice do odv\u011btv\u00ed s vysokou p\u0159idanou hodnotou. Jen tak se poda\u0159\u00ed zajistit dlouhodobou konkurenceschopnost a stabilitu ekonomiky v globalizovan\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Role mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch podnik\u016f v exportn\u00ed strategii<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      V\u00fdznamnou roli v exportn\u00ed politice hraj\u00ed mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed podniky (MSP)<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159 \u010desk\u00e9 ekonomiky. Zat\u00edmco velk\u00e9 nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti maj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed kapacity a know-how pro vstup na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy, pro men\u0161\u00ed podniky je tato cesta slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. St\u00e1t proto prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm agentur, jako je CzechTrade<\/strong>, poskytuje podporu p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00edch partner\u016f, \u00fa\u010dasti na veletrz\u00edch \u010di financov\u00e1n\u00ed exportu. MSP jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nejen pro diverzifikaci exportn\u00ed struktury, ale tak\u00e9 pro posilov\u00e1n\u00ed inova\u010dn\u00edho potenci\u00e1lu, proto\u017ee \u010dasto p\u016fsob\u00ed flexibiln\u011b a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed nov\u00e9 n\u00e1pady a produkty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Exportn\u00ed strategie a image zem\u011b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      Exportn\u00ed strategie nen\u00ed jen o \u010d\u00edslech a objemu obchodn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny, ale tak\u00e9 o budov\u00e1n\u00ed pozitivn\u00edho obrazu \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v zahrani\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>. Kvalita \u010desk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, spolehlivost dodavatel\u016f a inovativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k posilov\u00e1n\u00ed zna\u010dky \u201eMade in Czech Republic\u201c. V posledn\u00edch letech se \u010desk\u00e1 diplomacie v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159uje na tzv. ekonomickou diplomacii<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 propojuje zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku se z\u00e1jmy export\u00e9r\u016f. Dobr\u00e1 pov\u011bst zem\u011b na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm poli usnad\u0148uje firm\u00e1m pronik\u00e1n\u00ed na nov\u00e9 trhy a posiluje dlouhodobou konkurenceschopnost \u010desk\u00e9ho exportu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Chcete kartu pro v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti? P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investice (PZI) a exportn\u00ed strategie pat\u0159\u00ed mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 faktory hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho rozvoje v globalizovan\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. V…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3617],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-karta","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14310"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14310\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16315,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14310\/revisions\/16315"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14310"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14310"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kursora.com\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}